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| Translating Career Theory into Practice: The Risk of Unintentional Social Injustice |
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Published on Friday, August 07, 2009 @ 1:11 PM by Admin Account
1999 Views ::
2 Comments ::  :: Career Development, Public Policy, Assessing Effectiveness, Americas, Expanding Access to Guidance, Co-ordination and Leadership, USA
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This article, written by Dr Jim Sampson of Florida State University and delivered as a presentation at the IAEVG conference in Jyvaskyla in June 2009, examines two elements of policies for career guidance: the effectiveness of career guidance interventions in relation to cost and access to such interventions by citizens. It commences by identifying the different elements of career guidance and proceeds to examine the translation of career theory to practice, the effectiveness of career guidance interventions, and the access people have to career guidance. Collaborative counselling is proposed as an intervention to improve access. The paper ends with a discussion on how to balance effectiveness and access in career guidance delivery.
In his preparation of this paper, Prof Sampson noted the lack of a comprehensive and consistent evidence base for career guidance interventions and the little or no attention paid to integrating career theory, public policy, and the cost-effectiveness of career guidance interventions.
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| Venezuela: sistema nacional de orientacion |
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Published on Tuesday, May 05, 2009 @ 2:26 AM by Admin Account
1910 Views ::
0 Comments :: Career Development, Public Policy, Co-ordination and Leadership, Americas, Venezuela, Latin America
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This document was drawn up and recently completed by a national working group consisting of university guidance experts and some representatives of the ministries of education and higher education. Its contents cover the following:
- Caracterization de la orientacion y del sistema nacional de orientacion
- Bases legales
- Mision, vision, objetivos, valores declarados
- Organizacion: subsistemas, programas y servicios
- Perfil del profesional de la orientacion.
It is the first such document received from Latin America, thanks to Dr Olga Oliveros of the University of Carabobo, a member of the working group.
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| School Dropout Prevention: the What Works Clearinghouse |
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Published on Friday, April 17, 2009 @ 3:27 AM by Admin Account
2865 Views ::
0 Comments :: Career Development, Parents and Career Guidance, Guidance in Schools and Training, Guidance for Young People at Risk, Guidance for Disadvantaged Groups, Co-ordination and Leadership, Americas, USA
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School dropout prevention continues to exercise the mind of policy makers in many countries. The European Ministers of Education (2003), for example, established several reform targets for education systems in Europe for the year 2010 including increased participation in the upper end of second level schooling and the reduction of non-completion rates. In the USA the Department of Education established within its confines the Institute for Educational Sciences (IES), one of whose units is known as "What Works Clearing House" (WWC). The role of WWC is to be a central and trusted source of scientific evidence for what works in education. It reviews extant research about programs, policies or practices and assesses the "quality" of the research. Based on the research that meets particular standards, the WWC then reports on what the research indicates about the effectiveness of the program, policy or practice, which can be abbreviated as "the intervention".
The WWC produces three types of reports and a guide:
- intervention reports which assess all studies of a specific intervention within a topic area, rating each of them on WWC evidence standards;
- topic reports which compile the information from intervention reports within a topic area and enable WWC users to easily compare the ratings of effectiveness and sizes of effects for numerous interventions in one area;
- quick reviews designed to provide education practitioners with timely and objective assessments of the quality of the research evidence for recently released research papers and reports, and
- practice guides that contain practical recommendations for educators to address challenges in their classrooms and schools.
School dropout prevention is one of the topic areas of the WWC. Evidence for following three outcomes is rated for effectiveness:
- Staying in school
- Progressing in school
- Completing school.
Educational and vocational guidance are to be found as part of many dropout prevention strategies but they are only one element of a multidimensional approach to proving solutions to school dropout.
The WWC section on school dropout prevention is essential viewing for all policy makers, researchers and practitioners concerned with this problem.
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| Connecting Learning and Work: The Government of Alberta, Canada |
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Published on Wednesday, April 15, 2009 @ 1:25 AM by Admin Account
2630 Views ::
0 Comments :: Career Development, Public Policy, Parents and Career Guidance, Guidance in Schools and Training, Guidance for Employed Adults, Co-ordination and Leadership, Americas, Canada
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This brochure outlines how the provincial ministries in Alberta: Education, Advanced Education and Technology, and Employment and Immigration are working together in hte Connecting Learning and Work strategy to support the career development of Albertans from kindergarten through grade 12, post-secondary, and the workplace. It defines the outcomes, priority actions and the expected impact on performance measures of the strategy adopted. The publication recalls the strengths of the career development and education, training and employment systems on which the strategy depends. It also shows the government strategies for other policy areas that Connecting Learning and Work contributes to.
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| Making the Case: Demonstrating the Impact of Career Services |
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Published on Monday, October 27, 2008 @ 7:22 AM by Admin Account
2742 Views ::
0 Comments :: Americas, Canada, Co-ordination and Leadership
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This is a revised version of the four page summary document published by the British Columbia Career and Workforce Development Alliance. It calls on the career and employment services sector in that province to take an interest in demonstrating the impact of careers services, programmes and interventions. The publication strongly advocates the use of the Canadian Research Work Group (CRWG)Framework on evidence based practice in career development (see this document on this web site- open the section on Policy and Research and scroll down to Assessing Effectiveness; also visit the Assessing Effectiveness Forum for an inspiring article on measuring impact by Stu Conger and Bryan Hiebert).
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| Orientacion Profesional: Un Manual de recursos para paises de bajos y medianos ingresos |
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Published on Wednesday, October 15, 2008 @ 2:13 AM by Admin Account
4041 Views ::
0 Comments :: Developing Countries, Americas, South Asia, Asia Pacific, Africa, International Labour Organisation (ILO), Co-ordination and Leadership
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El doble propósito de este OIT (Oficina Internacional de Trabajo) Manual es: (1) focalizar la atención hacia quienes formulan políticasy administran programas en países de bajos y medianos ingresos (PBMI) sobre los temas básicos de la reforma de los servicios de orientación profesional en dichos países; y (2) brindar a los planificadores y especialistas de los programas a nivel nacional y local una amplia variedad de ejemplos de diferentes países y herramientas prácticas de orientación profesional para emplear como modelos para su posible adaptación y uso. El Manual se divide en dos partes que abordan cada uno de estos objetivos.
La primera parte comienza con una revisión de las tendencias internacionales actuales en materia de orientación profesional en los países de altos ingresos y comenta acerca de la pertinencia de esas tendencias en países de bajos y medianos ingresos. En segundo lugar, se presenta un marco de seis elementos clave que deben considerarse en el desarrollo de un sistema de orientación profesional. Estos elementos son: (1) comprensión del contexto de país; (2) desarrollo de la información profesional; (3) promoción de la elección, búsqueda y mantenimiento del trabajo; (4) organización de la oferta de servicios; (5) desarrollo del personal para apoyar la prestación de servicios; y (6) mejoramiento de la gobernabilidad y la coordinación. En tercer lugar, el Manual integra varias prácticas ilustrativas de países en el debate de cada uno de los seis elementos clave. Estas prácticas también sirven por sí solas como lecciones aplicables en la búsqueda de soluciones en la vida real a los desafíos de las políticas públicas.
La segunda parte del Manual indica sitios web específicos de Internet sobre la orientación profesional. Estos sitios incluyen: (1) un inventario de las herramientas y recursos sobre orientación profesional disponibles en Internet de diversos países de altos, medianos y bajos ingresos; y (2) referencias más generales, tales como las normas de competencia internacionales para especialistas de la orientación profesional y normas para el desarrollo de información profesional. La información sobre orientación profesional y las herramientas para el desarrollo de competencias en Internet han proliferado durante los últimos diez años y la accesibilidad a esta información por parte de un público internacional proporciona una ventana sobre las prácticas actuales a nivel mundial. Se pone particular atención en la inclusión de recursos en uso en la actualidad en los países de bajos y medianos ingresos.
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| Career Guidance: A Resource Handbook for Low and Middle Income Countries |
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Published on Wednesday, October 15, 2008 @ 1:58 AM by Admin Account
3212 Views ::
0 Comments :: Developing Countries, Americas, South Asia, Asia Pacific, Africa, Middle East, International Labour Organisation (ILO), Co-ordination and Leadership
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The dual purpose of this ILO (International Labour Organisation) Handbook is: (1) to focus the attention of policy-makers and programme administrators in low- and middle-income countries upon the core issues in the reform of career guidance services in those countries; and (2) to provide programme planners and practitioners at the national and local levels with a wide variety of country examples and practical career guidance tools to use as models for possible adaptation and use. The Handbook is divided into two parts to address each of these objectives.
Part I first reviews current international trends in career guidance in high-income countries and comments on the relevance of these trends in low- and middle-income countries. Second, a framework is presented of six key elements to be taken into account in the development of a career guidance system. These elements are: (1) understanding the country context; (2) development of career information; (3) promotion of work choice, search and maintenance skills development; (4) organization of service delivery; (5) staff development to support service delivery; and (6) improvement of governance and coordination. Third, the Handbook integrates a number of illustrative country practices into the discussion of each of the six key elements. These practices also stand on their own as applicable lessons in real-life solutions to public policy challenges.
Part II of the Handbook indicates specific career guidance Internet web sites. These comprise:
(1) an inventory of career guidance tools and resources available on the Internet from a variety of high-, middle- and low-income countries; and (2) more general references, such as international competency standards for career guidance professionals and standards for career information development. Career guidance information and skills development tools on the Internet have proliferated in the last ten years, and the accessibility to this information by an international audience provides a window on current practices worldwide.
Particular attention is given to including resources currently in use in low- and middle-income countries
(LMIC)
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| Public Policies for Career Development: Case Studies and Emerging Issues in Developing and Transition Economies |
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Published on Wednesday, October 15, 2008 @ 1:26 AM by Admin Account
4500 Views ::
0 Comments :: Public Policy, Europe, Americas, South Asia, Africa, World Bank, Co-ordination and Leadership, Chile, Philippines, Russia, South Africa, Turkey
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This report summarize the findings of seven case-studies of public policy in career guidance carried out in Chile, the Philippines, Poland, Romania, Russia, South Africa and Turkey. The objectives of this World Bank study were: to identify and describe the distinctive issues faced by developing and transition economies in forming effective policies in career guidance and counseling; to identify emerging examples of best practice, and suggest how such countries can form more effective policies and programs in this field; and to assist the World Bank and other development agencies in determining how they can best assist such efforts. World Bank client countries are often faced with distinctive issues. These include limited public resources, high unemployment and poverty, large informal economies, need for community capacity building, and at times specific family and cultural factors which may have a major impact on career decision-making.
Current career guidance provision in the seven case-study countries is reviewed in terms of five main sectors: schools; tertiary education; public employment services; employer-based services; and the private and voluntary sectors. This provision reflects a traditional policy rationale in which career guidance is viewed in somewhat institutional and reactive terms, as a measure designed to lubricate the operation of the education system and its relationship to the labor market, and to combat such phenomena as unemployment or mismatch.
There are however signs of a more dynamic and proactive policy rationale emerging in middle-income countries, as is the case in developed countries. Career guidance is increasingly viewed as an integral part of a human resource development strategy designed to harness technological and economic change and enable the country to compete effectively in global markets. Under this view, career guidance has an important role to play in encouraging all individuals, including youth and adults, to engage in career planning and learning throughout life, so enabling them to respond more flexibly to the opportunities offered by a dynamic labor market. This view is supported by changing concepts of career development. It requires extending access to career guidance services, constructing more of these services on a self-help basis, strengthening career and educational information resources, and improving staffing in a more differentiated form.
Based on this analysis of the case-studies, four general conclusions are reached to assist middle-income countries in developing services. First, provision of services needs to be viewed as a coherent system, with multiple stakeholders developing different elements of service delivery. Second, governments have a key role in developing the services, but should not be viewed as sole providers. Third, restrictions on public resources require priorities to be established: these include an initial focus on improving career and educational information, followed by investing in self-help services, exploiting the use of information and communications technology, improving staff training, and developing incentives to encourage the private and NGO sectors to develop and deliver services. Finally, an evidence base of client demand, service cost, and service impact needs to be developed to defend investments.
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